Reproductive hormones influence far more than fertility. In both women and men, hormone shifts can affect energy, mood, weight, sleep, sexual health, and long-term bone and metabolic health. When these hormones fall out of balance, symptoms may feel disconnected or hard to explain. At Prima Medicine, reproductive hormone disorders are approached with careful evaluation and a clear focus on restoring balance across all stages of adult life.
Care for reproductive hormone disorders at Prima Medicine is led by Dr. Janice E. McMillan, MD, a board-certified endocrinologist with extensive experience managing complex hormone conditions in both women and men. As part of a physician-directed, multispecialty practice, Prima Medicine provides coordinated endocrine care across all locations, supporting patients throughout Northern Virginia with consistent, individualized hormone management.
What Are Reproductive Hormone Disorders?
Reproductive hormone disorders occur when hormones such as estrogen, progesterone, testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), or follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are produced in abnormal amounts or fall out of balance. These hormones regulate reproductive function, metabolism, muscle mass, bone density, and sexual health.
Endocrinology care is important because reproductive hormones significantly impact your daily life. They can closely interact with the other parts of the body and functions, including thyroid, adrenal glands, and insulin regulation.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
PCOS is a common hormonal condition that affects ovulation and androgen levels in women. It may cause irregular menstrual cycles, acne, excess hair growth, weight changes, or difficulty with fertility.
PCOS is also commonly linked to insulin resistance and long-term metabolic concerns, making hormone-focused evaluation an important part of care.
Menopause and Perimenopause
Menopause marks the natural decline of estrogen and progesterone, while perimenopause refers to the transition leading up to it. Hormone fluctuations during this time may cause hot flashes, night sweats, sleep disruption, mood changes, and changes in bone density or weight. Management focuses on symptom relief and long-term health considerations.
Low Testosterone and Androgen Deficiency
Low testosterone can affect men as they age or develop certain medical conditions. Symptoms may include low energy, reduced muscle mass, changes in mood, decreased libido, and difficulty concentrating. Endocrine evaluation helps determine whether symptoms are related to hormone deficiency or another underlying cause.
Irregular Menstrual Cycles and Fertility Concerns
Hormonal imbalance can affect menstrual regularity in women and sperm production in men. Causes may include pituitary disorders, thyroid disease, metabolic conditions, or stress-related hormone disruption. Identifying the source of imbalance is key to guiding care and protecting reproductive and overall health.
Symptoms of Reproductive Hormone Disorders
Symptoms vary depending on the specific disorder and hormones involved and may include:
- Fatigue
- Mood changes
- Sleep problems
- Weight fluctuations
- Sexual health concerns
- Fertility issues
- Hot flashes
- Changes in skin and hair
Because many of these symptoms overlap with other conditions, specialized hormone evaluation is often needed.
Reproductive Hormone Evaluation and Treatment
Reproductive hormone assessment focuses on how sex hormones interact with the rest of the endocrine system over time. Dr. McMillan evaluates hormone levels in the context of age, symptoms, reproductive history, and overall metabolic health, recognizing that normal ranges do not always reflect optimal balance. Testing may be timed to specific points in the menstrual cycle or evaluated alongside pituitary and adrenal hormones when indicated.
Treatment plans are individualized and may include measures such as targeted hormone therapy, medication adjustments, or structured monitoring, with an emphasis on symptom improvement, long-term health, and hormonal stability across life stages.
Why Choose Prima Medicine for Reproductive Hormone Disorder Treatment?
Dr. Janice E. McMillan brings advanced endocrinology training and academic experience to reproductive hormone care for both women and men. She previously served as an Assistant Professor and Clinical Endocrinologist at West Virginia University, highlighting that she is well-suited to treat a wide range of hormone disorders across all stages of adulthood and later life.
Her fellowship training in Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism at the University of Virginia, where she served as Chief Fellow, helped hone her skillset, enabling her to provide care for reproductive and metabolic hormone health. Dr. McMillan combines evidence-based care with clear communication and long-term follow-up. She works closely with other physicians across the Prima Medicine team.
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes, hormone imbalance affects people of all genders. While symptoms may differ, reproductive hormones play a role in energy, mood, metabolism, bone health, and sexual function in everyone.
Not always, but some conditions can impact fertility if left untreated. Early evaluation helps identify risks and guide appropriate care.
Hormone levels naturally change with age, but significant symptoms may signal an underlying disorder that benefits from evaluation.
Yes, reproductive hormones interact with bone density, heart health, metabolism, and mental well-being, which is why hormone balance matters beyond reproductive health.
Comprehensive Reproductive Hormone Care
Reproductive hormone disorders benefit from thoughtful evaluation and long-term endocrine care. Prima Medicine provides comprehensive reproductive hormone management across Northern Virginia. Call 703-870-3750 or book an appointment online at one of our four locations: Fairfax, South Riding, Merrifield, or Tysons.
