Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism
Dr. Janice E. McMillan, MD is a board-certified endocrinologist at Prima Medicine in Fairfax, Virginia. She specializes in diabetes, thyroid disease, and hormone disorders affecting women and men. She is board-certified in both Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism and Internal Medicine. She earned her medical degree from the University of Virginia School of Medicine and completed her Internal Medicine residency at the University of Rochester. She then returned to UVA for her fellowship in Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, where she was selected as Chief Fellow. In that role she designed the fellowship’s education curriculum and led a quality-improvement project to build an outpatient management guide for fellows.
Before joining Prima Medicine, Dr. McMillan was an Assistant Professor and Clinical Endocrinologist at West Virginia University. There she built a new endocrine practice in an underserved area and trained medical students and family medicine residents. Earlier she practiced hospital medicine at Chippenham/Johnston-Willis Hospitals in Richmond and at Highland Hospital, an academic hospital affiliated with the University of Rochester, so she brings real depth to complex and hospitalized-level endocrine problems. She is a published author and educator: she co-authored endocrinology content for NEJM Healer, the New England Journal of Medicine Group’s learning program used by medical trainees nationally and internationally, and she has spoken at UVA Endocrinology Grand Rounds. She also speaks conversational Spanish.
Dr. McMillan is accepting new patients at Prima Medicine’s Fairfax office. Call (703) 870-3750 to schedule a consultation or to have your physician send a referral.
What Is an Endocrinologist?
An endocrinologist is a physician who specializes in the body’s hormone-producing glands. Learn more about endocrinology at Prima Medicine. These include the thyroid, pancreas, adrenal glands, pituitary gland, ovaries, and testes. Hormones control metabolism, blood sugar, energy, weight, bone strength, mood, fertility, and sexual function. So when a hormone is out of balance, the effects can show up almost anywhere in the body.
Most patients see an endocrinologist when their primary care provider refers them for a condition that needs specialist expertise. Others come because symptoms persist without a clear answer. New to Prima? See how to become a patient and the insurance plans we accept. Dr. McMillan partners closely with each patient’s primary care provider and shares findings and treatment plans so care stays coordinated.
Conditions Dr. McMillan Treats
Dr. McMillan diagnoses and manages the full range of adult endocrine conditions, including:
Diabetes and metabolism
- Type 1 and type 2 diabetes, including complex or hard-to-control cases
- Prediabetes and insulin resistance
- Continuous glucose monitor (CGM) and insulin pump management ⚠️
- Diabetes medications, including GLP-1 and SGLT2 therapies
- Prevention of diabetes complications, including diabetic retinopathy
- Obesity and metabolic health, coordinated with Prima’s medical weight loss program
- High cholesterol and lipid disorders linked to metabolic disease
Thyroid
- Hypothyroidism and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
- Hyperthyroidism and Graves’ disease
- Thyroid nodules and goiter, with thyroid ultrasound ordered and interpreted as needed ⚠️
- Thyroid disease in pregnancy and postpartum
Adrenal and pituitary
- Adrenal insufficiency and adrenal nodules
- Cushing’s syndrome and cortisol disorders
- Pituitary disorders and abnormal pituitary hormone levels
- Diabetes insipidus and disorders of water balance
Bone and calcium
- Osteoporosis and osteopenia, with bone density testing ordered and interpreted ⚠️
- Parathyroid disorders and high or low calcium
- Vitamin D deficiency
Women’s and men’s hormones
- Menopause and perimenopause, including hormone replacement therapy ⚠️
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and other reproductive hormone disorders
- Low testosterone (male hypogonadism), including testosterone therapy ⚠️
- Hormone-related sexual health concerns
Diabetes Care That Goes Beyond the Numbers
Diabetes is a lifelong condition, and good control depends on a plan that fits your daily life. Dr. McMillan combines current, evidence-based therapies with practical education so patients understand their numbers and feel confident managing them. For patients using continuous glucose monitors, she reviews the data in detail to fine-tune treatment ⚠️. Prima’s laboratory testing services make it easy to track A1C and other markers between visits. She also works to prevent long-term complications affecting the heart, kidneys, eyes, and nerves.
Her teaching background shows in every visit. Dr. McMillan co-authored national educational content on type 1 diabetes and diabetic ketoacidosis for NEJM Healer, and she explains complex conditions in clear, practical terms.
Women’s Hormone Health
Hormone changes shape a woman’s health at every stage, from menstrual irregularities in early adulthood to perimenopause and menopause in midlife. Dr. McMillan evaluates and treats:
- Menopause and perimenopause symptoms: hot flashes, night sweats, sleep disruption, mood changes, and vaginal dryness. She offers an individualized assessment of whether estrogen therapy or other hormone replacement therapy is appropriate. ⚠️
- Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): irregular periods, excess hair growth, acne, weight gain, and the insulin resistance that often comes with it. See 5 questions to ask your doctor if you suspect PCOS.
- Thyroid disorders, which are far more common in women and often overlap with menopause or fertility concerns
- Bone health: menopause speeds bone loss, so screening and treatment for osteoporosis are essential
- Hormonal contributors to fatigue, weight change, and low libido
Men’s Hormone Health
Men’s hormone problems are common and often go undiagnosed. Symptoms are easy to blame on stress or aging. Dr. McMillan provides careful evaluation of:
- Low testosterone (hypogonadism): fatigue, low libido, erectile dysfunction, loss of muscle mass, mood changes, and reduced bone density
- Proper diagnosis. Low testosterone should be confirmed with properly timed morning blood tests and an evaluation of why it’s low, not just a single number.
- Testosterone therapy, when appropriate, with careful monitoring of blood counts, prostate health, and other safety measures ⚠️
- Thyroid, adrenal, and pituitary problems that can mimic or cause low testosterone
- Metabolic links: low testosterone is closely tied to diabetes, obesity, and sleep apnea
Hormones and Sexual Health
Sexual health is a legitimate medical concern, and it is often connected to hormones and overall health. Dr. McMillan offers a discreet, judgment-free setting to discuss changes in desire, function, or comfort. She evaluates hormonal and metabolic causes, including low testosterone, menopause-related changes, thyroid disease, high prolactin, and diabetes. She coordinates with urology, gynecology, or other specialists when that’s the right next step.
A Physician-Educator
Dr. McMillan has taught throughout her career. She was Chief Fellow during her UVA fellowship, precepted medical students and residents at West Virginia University, and helped lead interdisciplinary care teams as an academic hospitalist. She has spoken at UVA Endocrinology Grand Rounds and published in peer-reviewed journals, including the Journal of the Endocrine Society. For patients, that means a specialist who explains what’s happening and why, and who helps them take an active part in their own care.
Specialist Endocrine Care for Fairfax and Northern Virginia
Dr. Janice McMillan, MD brings double board certification, UVA and University of Rochester training, Chief Fellow leadership, and a physician-educator’s clarity to Prima Medicine. She is the right specialist for patients who need:
- Expert management of type 1, type 2, or hard-to-control diabetes
- Diagnosis and treatment of thyroid, adrenal, pituitary, or calcium disorders
- Evaluation of menopause, PCOS, or other women’s hormone concerns
- Careful, evidence-based evaluation of low testosterone
- Hormone-related sexual health concerns, addressed discreetly
- Osteoporosis and bone health care
- A specialist who works hand in hand with their primary care provider
Dr. McMillan sees patients at Prima Medicine’s Fairfax office. Call (703) 870-3750 to schedule a consultation or send a referral.
